JAMB CRS Note- Leadership Qualities
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JAMB CRS Note- Leadership Qualities

Introduction to Leadership Qualities Leadership is the ability to guide, inspire, and influence others to achieve goals or fulfill a vision. The Bible provides examples of leaders like Joseph, Moses, Joshua, and Judges, who demonstrated exceptional leadership qualities under God’s guidance. Examples of Biblical Leaders (a) Joseph (Genesis 37:1-28; 41:1-57; 45:1-15) Joseph was the favorite…

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JAMB Economics Note: Methods and Tools of Economic Analysis

The Scientific Approach in Economics The scientific approach is a systematic method of investigating, analyzing, and understanding economic phenomena. It involves using observation, reasoning, and experimentation to study economic problems and derive conclusions. In economics, this approach ensures that analyses are logical, evidence-based, and free from bias, making the conclusions reliable and actionable. Key Features…

Chemistry Note- JAMB
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JAMB Chemistry Note- Aliphatic Hydrocarbons

Definition of Aliphatic Hydrocarbons Aliphatic hydrocarbons are organic compounds consisting of carbon and hydrogen atoms arranged in straight chains, branched chains, or non-aromatic rings. These hydrocarbons are classified into three main homologous series: Hydrocarbons and Petroleum 1. Alkanes General Formula: CnH2n+2 Alkanes are saturated hydrocarbons containing only single covalent bonds between carbon atoms. Properties: Physical…

Chemistry Note- JAMB
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JAMB Chemistry Note- Introduction to Organic Compounds

Definition of Organic Compounds Organic compounds are chemical substances primarily composed of carbon and hydrogen, often combined with other elements like oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and halogens. These compounds are abundant in nature and form the basis of life, making up the structure of plants, animals, and other organisms. They are also the foundation for synthetic…

JAMB Economics Note: Economic Systems
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JAMB Economics Note: Economic Systems

Introduction to Economic Systems An economic system refers to the framework within which a society organizes and coordinates the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. It addresses three fundamental economic problems: There are three main types of economic systems: free enterprise (capitalist), centrally planned (command), and mixed economies. A. Types and Characteristics of…

JAMB Economics Note: Economics as a Science
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JAMB Economics Note: Economics as a Science

Definitions of Economics by Prominent Economists Topics and Explanations A. Basic Concepts in Economics B(i). Economic Problems B(ii). Application of the Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) The Production Possibility Frontier (PPF) illustrates the concepts of scarcity, choice, and opportunity cost. Explanation of the PPF Diagram Real-Life Applications of PPF: Classwork Questions Instruction: Choose the correct option…

Chemistry Note- JAMB
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JAMB Chemistry Note- Chemical combination

Stoichiometry Stoichiometry is the branch of chemistry that involves calculating the quantities of substances involved in chemical reactions. It uses balanced chemical equations to determine the relative amounts of reactants and products. Example: For the reaction: 2Hâ‚‚ + Oâ‚‚ → 2Hâ‚‚O If 2 moles of hydrogen (Hâ‚‚) react with 1 mole of oxygen (Oâ‚‚), 2…

Chemistry Note- JAMB
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JAMB Chemistry Note-Separation of Mixtures and Purification of Chemical Substances

1. Pure and Impure Substances: 2. Boiling and Melting Points: 3. Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures: 4. Chemical and Physical Changes: 5. Properties of the Components of a Mixture: In a mixture, each component retains its own properties. For example: 6. Separation Processes: Different methods are used to separate mixtures based on the physical properties of…

JAMB BIOLOGY NOTE
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JAMB Biology Note-Evidence of Evolution

1. Fossil Record Overview: Fossils are the preserved remains or impressions of organisms from the past. The fossil record provides a chronological sequence of life forms and offers critical evidence of how organisms have changed over time. Types of Fossils: Evidence for Evolution: 2. Comparative Anatomy Overview: Comparative anatomy is the study of similarities and…

JAMB BIOLOGY NOTE
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JAMB Biology Note- Evolution: Theories of Evolution

1. Lamarck’s Theory of Evolution Overview: Lamarck’s theory, known as the “Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics,” proposed that organisms evolve due to the influence of their environment. He suggested that: Example: Criticisms: 2. Darwin’s Theory of Evolution Overview: Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution is often referred to as natural selection. According to Darwin: Key…

JAMB BIOLOGY NOTE
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JAMB Biology Note- Heredity

Inheritance of Characters in Organisms Heredity refers to the passing on of traits (characteristics) from parents to offspring through the process of genetic transmission. In all living organisms, the genetic material is carried in genes, which are segments of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid). These genes determine various characteristics such as height, eye color, and susceptibility to…

JAMB BIOLOGY NOTE
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JAMB Biology Note-Variation in Population

1. Types of Variation in Population Definition of Variation Variation refers to the differences that exist between individuals within a population. These differences may be physical (morphological), functional (physiological), or genetic. Variations are the foundation for evolutionary processes, as they allow organisms to adapt to their environments. Types of Variation 2. Morphological Variations Definition of…

JAMB BIOLOGY NOTE
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JAMB Biology Note: Humans and Environment

1. Diseases 1. Common and Endemic Diseases Common Endemic Diseases in Nigeria 2. Easily Transmissible Diseases and Disease Syndromes Poliomyelitis (Polio) Cholera Tuberculosis (TB) Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) 3. Ecological Conditions Favoring Disease Spread Malaria Cholera and Typhoid Fever Meningitis Schistosomiasis 4. Biology of Disease Vectors and Control 5. Principles of Inoculation and Vaccination Inoculation…

JAMB BIOLOGY NOTE
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JAMB Biology Note- Ecology of Populations

Topics: (a) Population density and overcrowding.(b) Adaptation for survivali. Factors that bring about competitionii. Intra and inter-specific competitioniii. Relationship between competition and succession.(c) Factors affecting population sizes:i. Biotic (e.g. food, pest, disease, predation, competition, reproductive ability).ii. Abiotic (e.g. temperature, space, light, rainfall, topography, pressure, pH, etc.(d) Ecological successioni. primary successionii. secondary succession 1. Population Density…

JAMB BIOLOGY NOTE
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JAMB Biology- Local (Nigerian Biomes)

Topics: a. Tropical rainforestb. Guinea savanna (southern and northern)c. Sudan Savannad. Deserte. Highlands of montane forests and grasslands of the Obudu, Jos, Mambilla Plateau. Local Nigerian Biomes Nigeria’s diverse geography supports a wide range of biomes, each with distinct climatic conditions, vegetation types, and wildlife. These biomes are generally categorized based on vegetation types and…

JAMB BIOLOGY NOTE
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JAMB Biology Note- Natural Habitats

Topics: (a) Aquatic (e.g. ponds, streams, lakes seashores and mangrove swamps)(b) Terrestrial/arboreal (e.g. tree-tops of oil palm, abandoned farmland or a dry grassy (savanna) field, and burrow or hole. Natural Habitats A habitat is the natural environment in which an organism lives, and it provides the necessary resources for its survival. Habitats can be broadly…

JAMB BIOLOGY NOTE
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JAMB Biology Note-Symbiotic interactions of plants and animals

Topics: (a) Energy flow in the ecosystem: food chains, food webs and trophic levels(b) Nutrient cycling in naturei. carbon cycleii. water cycleiii. Nitrogen cycle Symbiotic Interactions of Plants and Animals Symbiosis refers to a close and long-term interaction between two different species. There are several types of symbiotic relationships, which can be classified based on…

JAMB BIOLOGY NOTE
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JAMB Biology Note- Ecology

Topic Factors affecting the distribution of Organisms Factors Affecting the Distribution of Organisms Organisms are distributed across the Earth in particular patterns due to various factors that influence where they can survive and thrive. These factors can be divided into abiotic (non-living) and biotic (living) factors. i. Abiotic Factors Abiotic factors are the non-living components…